springboot动态数据源如何配置

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2024/2/22 9:35:44
栏目: 编程语言
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在Spring Boot中配置动态数据源需要使用多数据源配置。以下是配置动态数据源的步骤:

  1. 在pom.xml中引入依赖:
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId>
    <artifactId>HikariCP</artifactId>
</dependency>
  1. 创建多个数据源配置类,每个配置类包含相应的数据源配置信息:
@Configuration
public class DataSourceConfig1 {

    @Bean(name = "dataSource1")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.ds1")
    public DataSource dataSource1() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }
}

@Configuration
public class DataSourceConfig2 {

    @Bean(name = "dataSource2")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.ds2")
    public DataSource dataSource2() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }
}
  1. 创建动态数据源配置类,并设置默认数据源:
@Configuration
public class DynamicDataSourceConfig {

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public DataSource dynamicDataSource(@Qualifier("dataSource1") DataSource dataSource1,
                                        @Qualifier("dataSource2") DataSource dataSource2) {
        DynamicRoutingDataSource dynamicDataSource = new DynamicRoutingDataSource();
        Map<Object, Object> dataSourceMap = new HashMap<>();
        dataSourceMap.put("dataSource1", dataSource1);
        dataSourceMap.put("dataSource2", dataSource2);
        dynamicDataSource.setDefaultTargetDataSource(dataSource1);
        dynamicDataSource.setTargetDataSources(dataSourceMap);
        return dynamicDataSource;
    }
}
  1. 创建数据源切换类,用于根据需求动态切换数据源:
public class DataSourceContextHolder {

    private static final ThreadLocal<String> contextHolder = new ThreadLocal<>();

    public static void setDataSource(String dataSource) {
        contextHolder.set(dataSource);
    }

    public static String getDataSource() {
        return contextHolder.get();
    }

    public static void clearDataSource() {
        contextHolder.remove();
    }
}
  1. 创建数据源切换切面类,实现切换数据源的逻辑:
@Aspect
@Component
public class DataSourceAspect {

    @Pointcut("@annotation(com.example.demo.annotation.DataSource)")
    public void dataSourcePointcut() {
    }

    @Before("dataSourcePointcut() && @annotation(dataSource)")
    public void switchDataSource(JoinPoint joinPoint, DataSource dataSource) {
        DataSourceContextHolder.setDataSource(dataSource.value());
    }

    @After("dataSourcePointcut()")
    public void restoreDataSource(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
        DataSourceContextHolder.clearDataSource();
    }
}
  1. 在需要切换数据源的方法上添加@DataSource注解,指定要切换的数据源:
@DataSource("dataSource2")
public void test() {
    // 方法体
}

通过以上步骤,就可以实现在Spring Boot中配置动态数据源。在需要切换数据源的方法上添加@DataSource注解即可动态切换数据源。

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