c# httpwebrequest怎样处理身份验证

在C#中，使用HttpWebRequest处理身份验证的常见方法有两种：基本身份验证（Basic Authentication）和摘要式身份验证（Digest Authentication）。下面是这两种方法的示例代码。

1. 基本身份验证（Basic Authentication）：

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        string url = "https://example.com/api/resource";
        string username = "your_username";
        string password = "your_password";

        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
        request.Method = "GET";
        request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(username, password);
        request.PreAuthenticate = true;

        try
        {
            using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse())
            {
                using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()))
                {
                    string responseText = reader.ReadToEnd();
                    Console.WriteLine(responseText);
                }
            }
        }
        catch (WebException ex)
        {
            using (HttpWebResponse errorResponse = (HttpWebResponse)ex.Response)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Error code: {0}", errorResponse.StatusCode);
            }
        }
    }
}

2. 摘要式身份验证（Digest Authentication）：

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Net;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;

class Program
{
    static void Main()
    {
        string url = "https://example.com/api/resource";
        string username = "your_username";
        string password = "your_password";

        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
        request.Method = "GET";
        request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(username, password);
        request.PreAuthenticate = true;

        // Create the digest authentication header
        string authHeader = CreateDigestAuthHeader(username, password, url);
        request.Headers["Authorization"] = authHeader;

        try
        {
            using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse())
            {
                using (StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()))
                {
                    string responseText = reader.ReadToEnd();
                    Console.WriteLine(responseText);
                }
            }
        }
        catch (WebException ex)
        {
            using (HttpWebResponse errorResponse = (HttpWebResponse)ex.Response)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Error code: {0}", errorResponse.StatusCode);
            }
        }
    }

    static string CreateDigestAuthHeader(string username, string password, string url)
    {
        byte[] credentials = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(username + ":" + password);
        using (HMACSHA256 hmac = new HMACSHA256(credentials))
        {
            byte[] hash = hmac.ComputeHash(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(url));
            StringBuilder authHeader = new StringBuilder();
            authHeader.Append("Digest username=\"");
            authHeader.Append(username);
            authHeader.Append("\", realm=\"example.com\", uri=\"");
            authHeader.Append(url);
            authHeader.Append("\", response=\"");
            authHeader.Append(Convert.ToBase64String(hash));
            authHeader.Append("\"");
            return authHeader.ToString();
        }
    }
}

请注意，这些示例代码可能需要根据您的实际需求进行调整。在实际应用中，您可能需要处理异常、设置请求头、处理响应等。

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